In all discussions on crop production the importance of crop diseases as factors in reducing yields has to be recognised. Estimates of crop losses have been prepared in some countries like the U. S. A. and Germany. These show that the average annual losses from diseases vary from 10 to 12 per cent in grains, 20 to 25 per cent in potato, 10 to 12 per cent in fruits and ten percent in vegetables. All the above estimates of losses are in spite of the more or less general use of disease control measures. The losses are bound to be much more in countries where the control measures are adopted but rarely.
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